Oral stereognosis is a function recognizing the characteristics, such as the size and shape, of objects in the mouth by integrating the senses with movement. As a child grows up, this function develops gradually but is reduced by aging and neurologic...

Objective: The purpose of this study was to understand the mechanism of normal hyoid movement during swallowing by calculating the activity of each muscle involved in the hyoid movement and propose a new kinetic modeling of hyoid movement using video...

Objective: Although the effects of head lift exercise (HLE) in the reclining position have been reported, there is insufficient clinical evidence of the effects. This study compared the effects of HLE in the 0° supine position and 45° reclining pos...

Intradiscal electrothermal therapy (IDET), which is a minimally invasive treatment, was performed to treat cervical HNP. Although IDET has a relatively short recovery time and lower cost compared to surgical treatment, it can still cause complication...